Theories and Conceptual Models
QUESTION
Evaluate the following nursing model and theories for use by the Advanced Practice Nurse (APN):
Orem’s Self-care framework, Roy’s Adaptation Model, The Synergy Model, and The Transitions Model.
Theories and Conceptual Models
ANSWER
Theories and Conceptual Models
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Theories and Conceptual Models
The application of models in a Nurse Practitioner’s practice is crucial in several ways. It increases their focus on the nursing role and its presentations. It also boosts patient care by systematically and purposefully controlling its efficiency. Some of the commonly applied models in the nursing practice include Roy’s Adaptation Model, Orem’s Self-care framework, the Transitions Model, and the Synergy Model. This essay evaluates the application of this model by the Advanced Nurse Practitioner.
Developed by Sister Callista Roy, Roy’s Adaptive Model of Nursing consists of nursing, health, person, and environment (Erol & Karayurt, 2020). The model acquaints ADNs the knowledge of how an individual is a bio-psychosocial person with ongoing interaction with the ever-varying environment. The person applies their innate gained mechanism to enhance their adaption. According to the model, all individuals in the society, such as families and organizations, are included (Erol & Karayurt, 2020). The approach stresses that health is a crucial aspect of an individual’s well-being, described as a process and state of getting combined and whole.
Another model by Dorothea, Orem’s Self-care, focuses on every person’s capability to perform self-care. The model defines self-care as state which individuals awaken and accomplish their abilities to keep their well-being and health (Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory, 2020). It interrelates several concepts to create approaches to tackling a particular phenomenon. The model is essential for ANPs because it guides and improves their practice through consistency and validations of other theories, principles, and laws. Some of the model concepts are that individuals are distinct beings, and nursing is a form of activity where people interact. According to the theory, ANP nursing is crucial, especially when one is incapable of efficient self-care (Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory, 2020). The model acquaints the ANP with methods of helping such as guiding, supporting, and giving environmental support to meet future health demands.
The Synergy Model was established by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) (Cordon et al., 2021). The model states that nursing care reflects integrating experiences, competencies, knowledge, attitudes, and skills to meet patients’ and families’ needs. Its basis lies in 8 universal characteristics: resilience, resource availability, predictability, stability, complexity, participation in care, and decision-making. The ANP acquires a framework to match nursing resources based on the patient’s needs and adapt to available care settings through the model. The model enables the ANP to determine whether there is a need for additional nursing resources with appropriate skills. The Advanced Nurse Practitioner acquires the knowledge to assess elderly oncology patients with unscheduled care concerning symptomatic fears. The two components of the model are staff competence and patient care needs. The theory advises the ANP to assess their competency and determine their skill expertise (Cordon et al., 2021). It gives the ANP 8 characteristics to improve their patient care needs.
The Transitions Model for patient care focuses on developing care outcomes for patients and families. It also advocates cost reduction among chronically ill, vulnerable, and elderly adults in the healthcare system community. The ANP gains a framework to grow research questions through the model, hence guiding effective care (Davies, 2021). The theory grows through clinical practice from research evidence, giving a framework for practice application. It supplements provided care in hospital and substitutes it with professional nursing in the patient’s homes. The ANP learns to emphasize identifying the patient’s health goals and design and employ a care plan and continued care across all settings (Davies, 2021). The model’s core competencies include; screening, collaborating, staffing, engaging patients, maintaining relations, assessing symptoms and risks, fostering coordination, and promoting continuity and self-management.
References
Cordon, C., Lounsbury, J., Palmer, D., & Shoemaker, C. (2021). Applying the synergy model to inform the nursing model of care in an inpatient and an ambulatory care setting: The experience of two urban cancer institutions, Hamilton health sciences and Grand River regional cancer centre. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal, 31(2), 186-194. https://doi.org/10.5737/23688076312186194
Davies, K. E. (2021). Utilizing simulation to prepare nursing students to coordinate care through transitions. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 16(4), 410-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2021.06.011
Erol Ursavaş, F., & Karayurt, Ö. (2020). Effects of a Roy’s adaptation model–guided support group intervention on sexual adjustment, body image, and perceived social support in women with breast cancer. Cancer Nursing, Publish Ahead of Print. https://doi.org/10.1097/ncc.0000000000000854
Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory. (2020, July 19). Nursing Theory. https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/orem-self-care-deficit-theory.php
Theories and Conceptual Models